A study of Athol Fugard

A study of Athol FugardAthol Fugard, who was born in Middleburg, southwest Africa in 1932, is a headspring known realist jokewright. He has pen m any(prenominal) plays which reflect his extreme resister to the Apartheid organization. Two such plays are Boesman and Lena (1969) and My Children My Africa (1989). Both plays are set in apartheid south-central Africa and demonstrate the ferociousty of those geezerhood in South Africa as well as the current issues surrounding them. Athol Fugards charm in both(prenominal) of these plays is at that placefore a reflection of the meters and society in which he was writing. The plays socio-political contexts and his intentions in them idler be severally discussed as well as compared to each other.Boesman and Lena is set in Apartheid South Africa and is a play near a young, non- unclouded couple who are truly facing difficulties and struggling during this time. The play opens with the couple on a journey, walk means from place to place, afterwards creation forcefully removed from their home. As they are travelling, Lena tries to recount where they have been. They can yet bring the belongings with them that they can afford to carry on their backs and so they are uncovered to the elements around them. Because the couple are homeless, Boesman unflinching that in stage to survive he needs to build a shelter out of scrap iron and other materials that he has found. at once the shelter is built, he is the only angiotensin-converting enzyme to enter it. Lena not only tends the fire but also tends to sit outside of the shelter for the constitutional play. The desperate circumstances that they are in emphasize their l unmatchablely, isolated and impoverished place in the world.Boesman and Lena was written in 1965 which is a mere 17 years after the start of apartheid. The play clearly shows the harshness of this time period relating to the Forced Removals and Group Areas Acts, which were passed by the govern ment in order to draw a line by fully separating racial groups. Boesman and Lena abruptly represent the millions of non- blanks who suffered during Apartheid. The forced removals from homes and dispersal of communities led to social breakdown and general poverty in South Africa. Non-whites were not given the opportunity to genuinely settle down in any environment whatsoever, and this caused them to be low-spirited and feel as if they had no meaning whatsoever in their lives. This hallucination can be noted when Lena is distraught after she has just been forcefully removed from her own home.At the beginning of the play, an old man called Outa appears at their campsite. The style Boesman acts around Outa and shows his feelings towards him show the incredibly racial tensions between the many different non-white groups. Boesman believes he is superior to Outa. He is frustrated by the piazza in South Africa and he vents this frustration on other non-whites. Outa, existence very frail and unresponsive, is an easy target for Boesman, and this is evident in the commission he treats Outa. MtvassBoesman and Lena, as well as their actions, can be taken as symbols. Boesmans furiousness towards Lena represents the violence white South Africans inflict on citizens of twine. Lena represents hope and life. She is optimistic and believes things will change in the future. She is also very compassionate (as with the old man, Outa). Boesman is mostly bitter and jealous, trying to destroy any hope and life that she has.Fugard has recorded many of his ideas in his notebooks. In one entry, Fugard describes that he had many encounters with the poorer South Africans. He notes that these encounters all contributed to the creation of Boesman and Lena. He also reports back on the day he came into contact with a particular muliebrity which influenced him to begin writing the play. He says in Athol Fugard Notebooks 1960-1977 On a hot August day in 1965, Fugard and two friends were impulsive along a rural road when they saw an old woman trudging along with all of her worldly possessions tied up in a bundle on her head. They stopped and offered her a ride. She cried at their unexpected kindness, and during the fifteen-mile hit to a farm up the road, she told them about the death of her husband three days earlier and her nine missing children. If Fugard and his companions hadnt stopped to offer her a ride, she would have followed her plan to sleep in a stormwater drain that calamitous and continue her long journey the next day. E-notes 2010He also gives his smell of the woman. He writes , In that cruel walk under the blazing sun, walking from all of her life that she didnt have on her head, facing the prospect of a bitter Karoo night in a drain-pipe, in this walk there was no defeat-there was pain, and great despicable, but no defeat. Athol Fugard Notebooks 1960-1977. The walk that this woman went on was the walk that Boesman and Lena are on byout the play as it godlike him to come up with this idea in the first place.Because Fugard passionately abhorred apartheid, his intentions in writing this play were to show what was going on in South Africa at the time and to expose the effects of apartheid. He used symbolism-for casing representing the violence white South Africans inflict on citizens of colour through Boesmans violence towards Lena as well as themes. The main theme of Boesman and Lena is violence and cruelty which reflects the state of apartheid at the time. In the 1960s, when the play was written, people of colour had absolutely no power and could not do anything about how they were treated. Basically, in this play, Fugard portrayed severe real situations and displayed the struggling and suffering of the characters and thereby project a true representation of what was going on at this cruel time in South Africa.Fugard wrote My Children My Africa about 20 years after Boesman and Lena was published. At this time, th ere was an immense amount of racial tension and ongoing violence, both within various black communities and violence perpetrated by the white security police and military apparatus. Life was not the same in South Africa as it had previously been in the 60s and things were coming to a head. thither were many anti-apartheid movements and international censure because of this. Although the confrontational violence between the government and forces of liberation had escalated in Apartheid South Africa, the underlying themes of exploitation and human suffering were still the same.As historian Alistair Boddy-Evans summarized During the 1970s and 80s Apartheid was reinvented a result of change magnitude internal and international pressures, and worsening economic difficulties. Black youth was exposed to increasing politicisation, and found expression against Bantu education through the 1976 Soweto Uprising. notwithstanding the creation of a trilateral parliament in 1983 and the abolitio n of the get going Laws in 1986, the 1980s saw the worst political violence by both sides.Boddy-EvansMy Children My Africa is a play which depicts a time when friendship and cooperation crossways the colour line were extremely rare. Such relationships were strictly frowned upon and actively demoralized by apartheid officialdom. This was because they represented a potential threat to the elaborately constructed and legislated racial barriers.In My Children My Africa (an emphatic title indeed) Fugard constructed a very powerful outstanding work which explores the possibility of such interracial connections despite the human and paid risks involved. His thrust is that mere skin colour should in no way be a momentous barrier to friendship and cooperation.The play involves a white schoolgirl and black schoolboy whose teacher must take risks in direct the black boy to a mixed-race team in a literary competition. They have different viewpoints in how to challenge the system. The scho olboy, Thami, has adopted an attitude of vehement confrontation, whereas the teacher is more in favour of a conciliatory and slack approach to change, hoping optimistically that violence can be avoided. The schoolgirl, Isabel is besieged with white liberal guilt.The play reflects varying attitudes to the best approach to achieving inevitable change. As it turned out it was the destabilising threat of violent confrontation that ultimately counted in effecting change in South Africa. The play was in fact written in 1985 foreshadowing the unbanning of the ANC and the subsequent release of Nelson Mandela some 5 years later.Fugard was an active supporter of the Anti apartheid movements and endorsed international boycotts of segregated audience champaign in South Africa. In fact he was vilified, harassed and coif under security police surveillance. To avoid further trouble with the government Fugard had his plays produced and published outside of the country Alan McIver 2010Fugard wa s accorded wide international recognition. His compelling and expansive body of work surely contributed in a significant way to international awareness of the dire developing situation in South Africa. To me he is an inspiring figure, whose realistic depictions of the devastating human consequences of an evil system opened audiences eyes to cruel and unsustainable realities.Fugard once said My real territorial dominion as a dramatist is the world of secrets with their powerful effect on human behaviour and the trauma of their revelation. Whether it is the radiant secret in dud Helens heart or the withering one in Boesmans or the dark and destructive one in Gladys, they are the dynamos that generate all the significant action in my playsFugard. We can gather from this, that his plays are always individually and contextually significant and he intends to display and uncover and bring to informal deeper issues within them. Using the two plays discussed above as evidence , one can n ot only tell that Fugard really cares about his work and his country but also that his work is an accurate reflection of the measure and society in which he was writing.Words 1655

Interconversion of Petroleum Distillation Curves

Intercon strain of Petroleum Distillation CurvesThe surgical operations recommended by API 1a for the intercon variate of ASTM D 86 and TBP (True turn Point) distillment bendings be transposed into Mathcad computation political program. Two Mathcad versions atomic number 18 geted for to each one of direct, ASTM to TBP, and the backward, TBP to ASTM, foreshortens conversions according to the API appendage. The first version, simpler, precisely when with fewer possibilities of theoretical account, was presented in the first classify 1a. This second surgical incision comprises the semblances of the API use write as draws in the Mathcad worksheet. The influence functions can be placed in a disjoint bea of the worksheet, bea which may be then collapsed, locked and hidden. Alternatively, the functions can be stored in a specific Mathcad agitate, which can be afterwardswards inserted and utilise in the main worksheet with Reference eclipse. Other possibilities of Mathcad purlieu for interconnection of worksheets (files), such as enjoyment of Mathconnex or introduction of Mathcad E-books, atomic number 18 briefly invokeed, too. usance of Mathcad surgical processs is illustrated through several employments. The Mathcad worksheets comprising the API procedures are therefrom providing a convenient figurer tool for fast foresight of one of ASTM and TBP distillment issue starting signal from the other one.Key words ASTM D 86, TBP, distillation, interconversion, Mathcad, petroleumIntroductionThe stopping point of the present work is to offer a general, easy-to-use Mathcad versions of the API (American Petroleum Institute) procedures for the ASTM D 86 and TBP distillation curls interconversion. A simpler Mathcad version of the API procedures was given in the first region 1a. However the simpler Mathcad version has siced possibilities of use, or change surface no benefit in some applications, such as those of iterative tasks commonly puzzle out with programming modules. Further more than, numeral data assignements fatalityed to be placed in the worksheet in front the methods boldnesss (case of worksheet setting of Automatic calculation as default, that is turned on anyhow, if turned off, most of the present discussion becomes meaningless). In this second part we are going to provide Mathcad written procedures which are more concise and nonplus extended range of application.The relations needed for distillation submits interconversion originating from consultation 2 and adapted by the author for temperatures in degrees centigrade return been given explicitly in the first part 1a.Since the API procedure for ASTM TBP distillation cut offs interconversion was described in fortune 1 1a, the reader is urged to refer to that part or to the veritable API reference 2 for a better comprehension and dilate on both(prenominal)(prenominal) the API method procedure and Mathcad version herein presen ted. Numerical checks against exercises taken from literature 2 3 7 and make in order to verify our Mathcad versions of the API procedure, are as hale as shown.Mathcad death penalty of API procedures for ASTM TBP distillation coils interconversion. Using functionsThe main part of the Mathcad worksheet with the API method for estimation of TBP foreshorten from ASTM distillation curve is reproduced in Fig. 1. Assignments of statements value being similar with those already given in Fig. 1a of the first part 1a, the beginning area of the Mathcad worksheet containing these assignments is no more shown in the present Fig. 1. In the aforementioned(prenominal) area omitted from Fig. 1, at that place are also commentarys of range varyings ip and id, which again are identical with those in Part 1, that is ip = 0,1..6 and id=0,1..5, needed for indexing current points of the distillation curve (corresponding to 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90 and 100 % vol.) and differences ( among tempera tures), respectively. Thus, the distillation curve is assumed to be represented in the comparable format as in Part 1, i.e. 7 rows 2 columns matrix, where the first column elements are volume percentages (0, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90 and 100) of distillate and the second column elements are the corresponding six temperatures (oC) on the (ASTM or TBP) distillation curve.The task of the function dt_DC (where dt and DC in none of hand stand for difference of temperatures and distillation curve) as defined by relation (1) in Fig. 1 is to pick up all pairs of consecutive temperatures on the given ASTM curve, to compute the difference amid the devil temperatures, and to give the government issue as a 6 elements array, which elements are the temperature differences. One of the two arguments of the function dt_DC in Fig. 1 needs to be the range variable id. Otherwise, a definition wish(a)would issue an fallacy means (Illegal context and expression (a) written in Mathcad turning into re d) because, as expected, a range variable is not allowed as parameter within the function definition, or, being more specific, within the expression assigned to a function.Another definition but more lengthy, which can be apply to obtain the same numerical result as dt_DC function in relation (1) of Fig. 1, i.e. the six temperature differences, is the abutting one (b)Fig. 1. Portion of the Mathcad worksheet with functions definitions to be used for API procedure for TBP curve prediction from the ASTM D86 distillation curve (continued with applications in Figures 2 and 3) flat if the numerical value produced with both definitions, (1) in Fig.1 or above (b), are same, it is worth of mention that the two outputs collapse different meanings in Mathcad. Thus, while the latter definition (b) produces a six-element vector, the first definition, which is used in relation (1) of Fig. 1, produces an array (which may be also called table) with also 6 values, but which has not the property of a vector in Mathcad. Consequently, neither several operations characteristic for vectors, such as transposition (operator T as superscript) or vectorize (operator denoted by an cursor above an expression containing a vector) can be utilize to the output of the twoargument function dt_DC. This behavior may be probably better understood if a function definition like that in relation (1) of Fig.1 for dt_DC is regarded as six one-variable functions simultaneously defined. Difference between the outputs of the two functions, dt_DC and dt_DCb is similar to that between a true vector and a range variable such as ip or id which is used for indexing.When sought after, a workaround able to lead to a vector output is thus provided by the above definition of dt_DCb in (b). Moreover, this definition can be rewritten in a more concise form within a Mathcad worksheet using programming modules (see Part 3 1b).In step 2 (Fig. 1), temperature for 50%vol. on TBP curve is estimated with the funct ion denoted t_50%TBP, from temperature for 50% vol. of ASTM, as in API procedure described in Part 1 1a. According correlations of the same procedure (that is relations (3) given in Part 1), differences between temperatures on TBP curve are then calculated in step 3 based onFig. 2. Part of the worksheet containing an example using the Mathcad version of API procedure for ASTM-to-TBP distillation curves conversion (Mathcad version of the procedure given in Fig. 1 ASTM data and experimental TBP from 2)temperature differences of ASTM curve. This is done employing again a function with two arguments, of which the first is the range variable id (function puddled dt_TBP). Finally, TBP temperatures are observed in the quaternary and last step with function t_DC by subtracting or adding to priorly determined t50%TBP the fascinate temperature gaps found in step 3 (Fig. 1).An example using the Mathcad version of the API procedure described above is given in the portion of the Mathcad work sheet shown in Fig. 2. As precedently explained, since the output of the function dt_DC in step 1 or of the function dt_TBP in step 3 (Fig. 2) is an array (table) and not a vector, presence of the index id at vector-variables tASTM1 or tTBP1, respectively, is imperative for a correct assignment of values computed by functions (dt_DC or dt_TBP) to the elements of mentioned vectors. Otherwise, the aforementioned error message (Illegal context) would be issued and corresponding expressions turned into red.Fig. 3. Part of the worksheet with another example using the Mathcad version of API procedure for ASTM-to-TBP distillation curves conversion (Mathcad version of the API procedure given in Fig. 1 ASTM data and corresponding TBP estimated by EdmisterOkamoto procedure taken from 3)Even if it can be quick noticed from both Fig. 1 and example in Fig. 2, we emphasize that in the present Mathcad version of API procedure (Fig. 1) it is possible to write the expressions of the procedure as a standalone suite, self- utilize person on the 7 2 matrix with distillation curve data, delinquent to use of functions. On the contrary, for the simpler Mathcad version given in Part 1 1a, it was necessary to provide the distillation curve matrix in the Mathcad worksheet before the relations of the API procedure. Thus, presentation of simpler Mathcad procedure in 1a was actually possible only using a numerical example. However, it can be mentioned that even in the case of simpler version in Part 1 a workaround for the misdemeanour of normal order, that is with data in the begining of the worksheet, may be provided by the use of a global definition (available in Mathcad).ASTM distillation data for example in Fig. 2 was taken from API Technical Data Book 2. The TBP curve determined in Fig. 2 is identical with that computed in 2 from the same ASTM distillation data and with same API procedure. For comparaison, experimental TBP (vector TBPexp) retrieved from the mentioned referenc e 2 is also given in Fig. 2.Fig. 4. Area of worksheet with the Mathcad version of the reversed API procedure, for conversion of the TBP curve into ASTM distillation curveThe use of the same Mathcad version of the API procedure is illustrated with another example in the part of the worksheet reproduced in Fig. 3. ASTM data (7 2 matrix ASTM2) in Fig. 3 and corresponding TBP values (matrix TBP2_EO) estimated with Edmister and Okamoto method 4 are quoted from reference 3.The suite of definitions shown in Fig. 1 as well as the two examples (Fig. 2 and 3) have been actually written in the same Mathcad worksheet.The Mathcad version of the reversed API procedure, for TBP curve conversion to ASTM distillation curve, is illustrated in Fig. 4. In step 1 the temperature differences between two consecutive temperatures amongst those of selected points on TBP curve can be computed with the same function dt_DC given in Fig. 1. Since the Mathcad versions of both direct and reversed API procedures have been written in same worksheet, there was no more need for another function definition for step 1 in Fig. 4.Coefficients in the expression of the function t_50%ASTM in relation (6) (Fig. 4), needed for the prediction of the 50% temperature on ASTM curve based on 50% temperature on TBP curve, are taken from Part 1 1a and they are coming from the same API procedure 2. As shown in Fig. 4, the temperature for 50% on ASTM curve can also be determined with the function tr_50%ASTM, which is the inverse of function t_50%PRF defined previously in the worksheet (with relation (2) in Fig. 1). The inverse function, tr_50%ASTM, is defined using the Mathcad intact function subside. First argument of etymon is the expression of whose root is wanted, the second argument indicates the variable with respect to which the equation defined by the expression has to be solved, and the 3rd and 4th arguments specify the interval where the desired root is lying.Fig. 5. Portion of Mathcad worksheet with example of TBP curve conversion intoASTM D86 distillation curve (API procedure 2)Presence of last two arguments is optional when these are included, Ridder or Brent algorithm is used internally by root to determine the solution otherwise Mueller-secant algorithm is employed. The accuracy of the computed root is determined by parameter TOL (tolerance) whose value can be set (for the entire worksheet) from Mathcad menu. For details on the Mathcad root function or on the mentioned algorithms, references 5-6, 9 may be consulted. Notations used in relation (6r) of Fig. 4 show that equation t_50%TBP()t=0 is (numerically) solved with respect to variable (that is unknown ) and the desired root (ASTM temperature for 50% vol.) is within interval (0, 1000) ( oC ) for all possible values of parameter t (temperature for 50% vol. on TBP curve).Differences between temperatures on ASTM curve are computed in step 3 based on temperature differences on TBP curve determined in step 1. Being previousl y defined in the worksheet (Fig. 1), coefficients AAPIC and BAPI in relations (7) are known. Finally, in step 4 temperatures on the ASTM curve are calculated using the same function t_DC already defined in a proceeding zone (Fig. 1) of the worksheet.We recall that for features of Mathcad employed herein or other capabilities reader can find worthy and detailed information with good examples in Mathcad help 5a and particularly in the Resource Center 5b accompanying Mathcad platform.The use of the Mathcad version for the reversed API procedure, that is for TBP curve to ASTM curve conversion, is illustrated with the example in the part of Mathcad worksheet reproduced by Fig. 5.Other possibilities of manipulation of Mathcad written proceduresTwo of these possibilities are illustrated below, one using an inserted area and the other the Reference command provided by the Mathcad environment.An area can be readily inserted in a worksheet, using the commands from Insert menu. In our case ( Fig. 6), after inserting a new area (a blank area initially) in the worksheet, we have merely copied ( Copy/Paste ) the area given in Fig. 1 and pasted it in the inserted blank area. The area thus inserted contains also the assignments of values to parameters Aid and Bid needed in the procedure (parameters which values are given in Tab. 1 of 1a and are named AAPIC BAPI in Figures 1a,b and 2 in the same reference 1a and which are no more shown in Fig.1 of the present part). Obviously, in such a case one has to provide a sufficient size of the inserted area. Its enlargement can be made by selecting one (usually the lower) of the crosshairs corresponding to the boundaries of inserted area and dragging it, or by clicking interior area and typing Enter one or several cartridge clips, as needed to accommodate the whole pasted part. The inserted area may be then easily collapsed (Fig. 6), as indicated by instructions in the dialog box which appears with a mouse right-button click. After collapsing, the inserted region can be locked and protected by a password and then provided with a time stamp. Always after collapsing, presence of the inserted region may be even made invisible (hidden) 5b. All content of Fig. 6 was actually written in a new Mathcad file (worksheet), different from those illustrated in previous figures.Fig. 6. Mathcad worksheet with inserted area collapsed and an example of ASTM curve conversion into TBP curveFig. 7. Mathcad worksheet with Reference to the Mathcad file (named here ASTMTBP interconvAPI simple functions.mcd) containing the API procedure for the two distillation curves interconversionThe Reference command (Fig. 7) allows all variables or functions definitions from another worksheet (referenced worksheet or referenced Mathcad file) to be made available in the current (parent) worksheet. Thus the current worksheet impart stockpile as if one should have inserted into it the actual regions from the referenced worksheet. The Reference c ontaining gillyflower is merely introduced by a first mouse click in the main (parent) worksheet in the place where the referenced file is desired, then do the insert from the Reference command accessible in menu (Insert Reference), followed by pointing to referenced file location (as asked by dialog box). An moving-picture show (right headed arrow inside a square) will mark the place from which the referenced worksheet will take effect within the parent worksheet. (R) after the file name (ASTM-TBP interconvAPI simple functions.mcd in occurrence, Fig. 7) means that the relative path was chosen in the present case in order to locate the referenced file. Even if the referenced Mathcad file itself cannot be seen in the current (parent) worksheet, it may be opened with a double click on its Reference icon and then accessed and even modified.Like for any other computational environment or programming language, it is strongly advisable to use systematic and mnemotechnical notations f or various variables, functions,, both in main and inserted worksheet (collapsed or not, or with Reference), in order to avoid errors. As already mentioned in 1a, errors in computed results may appear in case of notations overlap, even without any error message highlighted by Mathcad (without any expression turned into red).In the case of pine worksheets, more complicated structures of linked (concatenated) worksheets can be thus envisaged. For example a worksheet with an inserted area can be referenced from another worksheet. Again, in order to reduce the possibility of errors and for an acceptable readability, it is however advisable to limit to only a few the worksheets thus interconnected. If this is not possible, there are alternatives offered by Mathcad platform, such as use of Mathconnex environment or creation of a Mathcad electronic book. Both alternatives are easy to use and well documented in Mathcad help, for example the latter in the Authors reference power point with in Help menu. Moreover, recent versions of Mathcad, i.e. starting with 2001i, offer the possibility to just worksheets under XML or HTML format.ConclusionIn the Mathcad version of API procedure for ASTM-TBP distillation curves interconversion presented in this part, use of functions allows to write the expressions of the procedure as a standalone suite, independent on the 7 2 matrix comprising distillation data. function of some Mathcad features, such as functions with two arguments one of which being a range variable, vector-valued functions, definition of an inverse of a function using entire root function, or area insertion in a Mathcad worksheet, are illustrated through examples. Interconnection of Mathcad worksheets (files) through the ,Reference command is also exemplified. Such features of Mathcad platform can provide added readability and broader generality to worksheets. Other capabilities of Mathcad, like utilization of Mathconnex or creation of Mathcad E-books are bri efly envisaged. The Mathcad worksheets comprising the API procedures are thus providing a convenient tool for fast prediction of an ASTM or TBP distillation curve starting from the other one.

Nikes CSR Policy Ethical Issues and Dilemmas

Nikes CSR constitution Ethical Issues and DilemmasNIKE ETHICAL ISSUES AND DILEMMASINTRODUCTIONNike has been dodging accusations of employing people in the developing and under-developed economies, at dispirited wages and poor working conditions for a big period of time. Having tried course correction and exoteric relations as a measure to salvage the bad image generated by the sweatshops that Nike is criminate of running, Nike has under memorisen massive efforts to overcome these hurdles. Herein we will analyze Nikes foreign business operations with a critical eye over the respectable issues and dilemmas that this organization has faced period manufacturing its goods in foreign lands.PROBLEM AREAS on that point atomic number 18 a number of argonas that atomic number 18 seen as weak points or links in this Nike case. We sh both first mellowlight the problem atomic number 18as and hence dump into the honorable theories that are supposed to govern them. According to t he Wikipedia dictionary, morals is define as a general term for the science of morality.1 plot this grow of study undersurface be further sub-divided into various categories, we maintain to echo that what is appropriate in a given situation whitethorn non be so among different circumstances and the decision of safe or wrong is relative to its surroundings. E undertaking partyated here are the issues and problems that stand divulge due to their honourable nature as issues or dilemmas faced by Nike and its operations towards its employees and customers as mentioned in the case studyPoor operative Conditions In Nike factories, the laborers were provided with poor working conditions that were surely below the norms accepted in the developed instauration. While disdain standards of living may apply in the countries that have Nike factory contracts, the inhumanity of these conditions drives attention to Nikes responsibility towards its employees. grand overtime and sp acious working hours had to be endured by Nike employees desperate to stay on employed in their coun endeavor. An example states that Nike factory workers in Korea had to work for 17 straight hours in silence. This indicates almost barbaric behavior on Nikes part towards workers in these conditions.Low Wages Nike contracts with companies to do all of their manufacturing in developing or under-developed countries. While the wage levels on that point are lower than the ones in developed tribes, Nike still fails to employ people at a rate that stooge sustain their basic needs. The wages provided are some(prenominal) lower than the wages needed and as such cheap labor is thoroughly exploited. Nike has attempted at correcting the problem and employing people at a rate at least equal to the minimum wages visit in the country.Child Labor Child labor laws in many an(prenominal) countries are overlooked by Nike and children as young as 12 and 13 years of age are made to work long h ours and treacherous conditions. Nike has taken steps to meet the starting age rig subsequently.Operations in Countries with Union Restrictions Nike has been known to set manufacturing efforts in countries ilk Indonesia and China that prohibit union operations. This leads to lack of revolt and protests that leave the employees with subaltern choice regarding work conditions and wages. Ethically, it is hard to argue against these countries as their laws do non have provisions for employment governance. In fact these countries often do non have minimum wage requirements and abundant labor is localise to use by companies uniform Nike for the absolute minimum.Expensive Endorsements While Nike has been always targeted by human rights committees, they have unceasingly maintained a richly profile image by getting celebrities like Michael Jordan and Tiger woods to endorse their products. Over five years, Tiger Woods is expected to make headway 80-90 million US dollars of Nike m oney.2 Ethically it would have been more beneficial to restrain a part of that money in Nike factory and employee enrichment.Expensive Products Nike sells its products at steep prices, while we all know that the products are manufactured in contracted factories on foreign lands for low costs. The cost of production organism low leads Nike to generate massive profits from the sales revenues.Cover-up usual Relations Efforts Being involved in child labor initiatives was undertaken by Nike to handle the issue at large and also to rectify the unexclusive relations pitch for Nike. The actual problem is being pointed out as adequate wages problem as opposed to the child labor initiatives that seem like a cover up for the bigger issues plaguing Nike. leave out of Development Work at Factory Locations While one everlastingly hears stories of sweatshops and defense by Nike regarding its work labor problems, one rarely hears of philanthropic activities adopted by Nike in the area of t he factory location. For example, at Hershey, PA one hears of the development the high society Hersheys has done for the community. Likewise it reflects as selfish behavior from Nike in not supporting the causes faced by the community occupying Nikes workforce.Health Hazards in Factories Skin and breathing problems are identifyd in factories that makes Nike products. Nike has to make sure that it performs by the standards set by OSHO in protecting employees from hazardous chemicals and processes in the manufacturing cycle.ETHICAL THEORIESEthical theories can help rationalize certain decisions that Nike has made as a companionship and highlight the issues pertaining to its followed cases. Let us now examine some ethics theories and observe the case of Nike in this light.3Egoism This theory states that individuals or corporations have a right to guide their conduct placing ones own touch knowledge base-class in rational decisions. Through this theory one can absolve the plac ement of profits or revenue generation as the high attained goal of an entity. In this regards Nike has played to the theory as outlying(prenominal) as possible. They have not only conducted manufacturing with cheap labor barely also ensured that the factories do not earn even a poor extra than they were supposed to. This theory states that every person that promotes self interest bring roughly social good. In this context we could see that while the founder of Nike, Phil Knight performed with self interest in mind, he was displace Nike ahead by huge proportions. Doing so, he did manage to bring about the rise of one of the most well known brands in the being today.Social Group Perspective It is not only self that determines all decisions but the surrounding that forms the social group under which the individual or company resides. It is the norm or standard in social groups wherein an entity can determine the wrong or right in that particular case. For Nike this social gro up has become a collection of customers, shareholders, employees, foreign contractors and others. The perception of right and wrong is determined by these social groups that operate differently in different places. For example, while the minimum wage in Indonesia, Korea and China may be less that that in the joined States of America, the standard of living there will meet the minimum wage requirements and Nike has to ensure that they abide by that.Cultural Relativism Every country has its unique culture that accompanies it. For Nike, a company that has a presence in many countries in the world, minding the cultural relevancy can prove to be an effective means to growth. For example, while bribes are seen as a cultural norm in some countries, they are seen as unlawful in certain other countries. Society as a whole in certain countries is known to consider bribes as a normal occurrence, which for some countries is a crime. This culture makes or breaks certain laws in place and as lon g as Nike abides by these laws, in the respective country, and at the same time minds its home country standards, line of reasoning for Nike will be minimized.Utilitarianism This theory works under the premise that the superior good is for the greatest number. Herein it is the majority that counts above anything else. If only a few elements of the entity think that the decision is wrong, the decisions must be right which is what is state by the majority. In the case of Nike, the decisions that were enforced by the majority are responsible for the preserve controversy surrounding it. The board obviously took certain steps in clearing the controversies that have affected the company. Since these decisions are taken with the view of the company good in mind, with the majority of the people agreeing to it, the decision must be seemed as right.Deontological Perspective This view goes by the manifestation do unto others as you would have them do unto you. The duty to make this world a better place is a duty that one has to take upon themselves, besides following certain obligations. For example, telling the truth is an obligation and that is seen as right. In the same way for corporations, it is the giving back in mother concept that needs to be perfected. The corporation is obliged to provide a good product and it is entitled to bring positive changes to its constituents.Values Clarification4 This honest theory expects that one is familiar with ones own views, reasoning and rationale. It is for this reason that companies try to build cultures within the organization in the same way that Nike has evolved its incarnate culture. Nikes branding, products and apparel indicate its image and success.ETHICAL DILEMMASNike has faced estimable dilemmas in operations and manufacturing for a while now. The definition of ethical dilemma states that it is a situation wherein exists conflicts between moral imperatives and choosing one situation consequence over another can lead to compromising of what also seemed like a viable solution in the situation5. Let us go over the ethical dilemmas that Nike has faced over its functioning.Manufacturing Ownership Nike chooses to contract its manufacturing to factories in foreign lands where the wages and conditions do not meet developed nations standards. Yet they have their products made there at low costs after enforcing their product controls. While they could manufacture these products in the United States of America, profitability of these products wins over providing the home country with employment and opportunities in the manufacturing segment. publicise Budgets Nike has endorsed many athletes and celebrities like Tiger Woods and Michael Jordan paying them exorbitant amounts of money. While the brand has succeeded in maintaining an image of athleticism, it has compromised on how the money could have been employ to better serve the country where they have their factories.Public Relations Nike has had to go lengths to protect its public image and had to employ many legal experts and public relations individuals. The dilemma occurs when Nike may have to admit to its mistakes but doing so would cost them greatly, hence the truth may have to be manipulated and then disclosed, which does not conform to ethical standards.Employee Enrichment With the profits that Nike generated from manufacturing products in foreign countries at low costs, a dilemma in front of them can resurrect from the fact that even if the countrys wage and standards are met they legislate way below the US standards. While Nike can invest in employee welfare, it is not a norm in the country that runs their factories. Besides a lot of these factories are contracted to do Nike manufacturing and Nike as such is not obligated to conduct factory and employee welfare.CONCLUSIONWhile Nike has faced double-dyed(a) criticism due to its manufacturing decisions, it as a brand and product has fought and sustained its success. Ethics experts will continue to question Nike in unfavorable ways, however when we apply the ethical theories that have relevance in the business world, we observe that Nike does its best to meet the requirements. This is especially evident when Nike made decisions to conduct strong-minded audits and engage in human rights activities. On the other hand Nike faces ethical dilemmas due to its operations and these dilemmas will continue to exist in the world economy. Nike has gone with the route of foreign contracting in its earlier material body and has received tremendous criticism through it. Faced with its plenty of ethical dilemmas, Nike has managed to sustain the product, develop new products and continue to be a force to reckon with as a consumer brand.1 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics2 http//www.golftoday.co.uk/news/yeartodate/news99/woods12.html3 http//www.mgmtguru.com/mgt499/TN2_PAGE3.htm4http//64.233.187.104/search?q= roll upofLIUDDIiW0Jjan.ucc.nau.edu/dgs2/the ories.pdf+theories+in+ethicshl=en5 www.ethicsscoreboard.com

Singapore English

capital of capital of capital of Singapore face IntroductionThe range of subjects and depth of character of slope atomic number 18 fast related to the degree and manner of nativization in a non autochthonal variety. For the south category of exercisingrs, however, the go for of face is restricted to global purposes and the elite of societies in certain very specific domains equivalent academic discussions and publications.The Singapore award-winning poet, Edwin Thumboo, chatesWe were very conscious of writing in position plainly non writing in England. We had to domesticate the position Language, give it a local anaesthetic habitation. For instance, I necessitate never published a poem rough a nightingale. But, of course, you cannot substitute one bird for another(prenominal) you flip to machinate the language your birth. We were looking for an identity while using incline to express it. (The Straits Times, 1989, November 1) Countries be institutionalized va rieties, which have developed everywhere an elongate period of time and ar now use in many a(prenominal) domains. In his arguments for recognizing these varieties, Kachru says that non-native users of side of m deplete have internalizations which are linked to their own multilinguistic, sociolinguistic and sociocultural contexts (B. B. Kachru, 1991, p. 5). The varieties differ from native varieties, in range and depth of their nativized features. The deviations from native norms occur at almost all linguistic levels -phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, style and treatment, and they are systematic and productive. These latter varieties of non-native side (or new position (for exercisings of non-native slope, see (Moag, 1982), as they have been called recently, have been accorded status by both native and non-native utterers and have received much attention from linguists, educators and bring throughrs. around linguists have gone to the consummation of advocating us e of the educated nativized variety of side of meat as the standard for belief (Tay Gupta 1983 Gupta 1986). Historical Background of English in Singapore and Malaysia Any diachronic discussion on Singapore, especially relating to the period before its independence in 1965, is almost eternally linked to historical development in Malaysia. This is undeniable as Singapore was one of the Straits Settlements in British Malaya and, in 1963, it became a governmental component of the independent Malaysia. Therefore, until its separation from Malaysia in 1965, Singapore and Malaysia constituted a single political entity. The insane asylum of British settlements in Penang (1786) and Singapore (1819) and the British take-over of Malacca in 1824 from the Dutch in abundant Britains attempt to control access to the Straits of Malacca, essential to its tea sight with China, mark the beginning of the influx of immigrants and the development of large and diverse name and address communit ies in Malaya.The increasing British influence on the MalayPeninsula coincided with the farther influx of large groups of Chinese from the south-eastern provinces of China and the Tamil-speaking Indians from South India. This was a military issue of increased production of tin and, at the beginning of twentieth atomic number 6, the initiation of the rubber industry (Platt Weber, 1980). Platt and Weber note that by the twentieth century there had developed in the British Straits Settlements and the Malay States a series of complex communities consisting not only of ethnic subgroups speaking their own native languages and dialects scarce also belonging to different social classes and backgrounds and occupied in different forms of employment (Platt Weber, 1980, p. 4). At the beginning of ordinal century, British interests in Malaya and the Straits Settlements expanded, and it was idle to virtually members of non European ethnic groups that English was an important, powerful la nguage. It was the language of the colonial masters it was the language of government and administration, and it was used extensively in the judiciary. Thus, a good command of the language was certainly an asset. However, with the rapid expansion of their interests in the region, the British soon saw the pick up for a group of English-educated non-Europeans who could assist them in their duties. They thus authorized the establishment of private secular mission-supported schools in the Straits Settlements at the beginning of the nineteenth century (for a brief account of the history of English learning from 1819 to after 1978, see Chua, 1990). These schools were at first available only to children from the well-to-do families of the different ethnic groups but later medium families were able to use these education. These English-educated school children would use English at home with their neighbors who also be English-medium schools. Their junior siblings, being impressed by th e new language, also acquired some English even before kickoff school. Thus, the use of English give from the school domain to the home domain, and later, to the employment and association domains (Platt Weber, 1980). It is thus clear that unlike some other varieties of English, Singapore-Malaysian English has developed through education. Some varieties of English like American English, Australian English, Canadian English, unfermented Zealand English, etcetera have evolved in a natural way because of mixing of settlers over a period of time, while others like creoles have developed though pidgin English (Platt Weber, 1980).The post-colonial era in the history of Malaysia and Singapore is marked by two major political changes. One was the independence of Malaya in 1957 from British rule, followed by the formation of Malaysia incorporating the Federation of Malaya, the crown states of Sabah and Sarawak and the then self-overned Singapore in 1963. The other was the separation o f Singapore from the political union of Malaysia in 1965.These political changes have had an immense influence on the spread and use of English in Malaysia and Singapore.English spread in SingaporeUnlike Malaysia, where the use of English is gradually decreasing, Singapore has seen an expansion in its use. This is mainly collect to increased enrollments in English-medium schools (Doraisamy ,1969).At the end of 1983, when the Ministry of Education decided that all schools, starting from January 1984, would be gradually converted into National Stream schools and English get out be taught as first language. However, as more people are educated in English and with fewer people speaking Malay, English is slowly replacing Malay as the language for inter-ethnic communication, especially among the younger generation (for discussions on interethnic communication, see Platt Weber, 1980, and Tay1982a) . As English is now the green language in all schools we can thus assume that it exit pl ay an even more important role in international domains like trade, diplomacy, cultural exchange, conferences and intranational domains such as government administration, law, education, home and friendship communication in the near future. The widespread use of English deep down the nation itself inevitably means that English has gone through the mathematical operation called indigenization (Moag Moag, 1977 Moag, 1982 Richards, 1979a) or nativization (B. B. Kachru, 1983a). To use B. B. Kachrus words (B. B. Kachru, 1982b), English has been transplanted from its source country (Britain) and acculturated to the local environment. What this means is that certain features in native British English have been permanently modified in view of the new cultural cathode-ray oscilloscope in Singapore which involves the interplay of the distinct ethnic cultures of Malays, Indians, and Chinese. These features manifest themselves in the phonology, lexis, syntax, semantics and styles of discour se in Singapore English. Therefore, when Singaporean English users speak or write English, there are telling signs that distinguish them from native English speakers or writers from Britain, America, Australia or vernal Zealand, although educated Singaporean speakers or writers have subaltern problem making themselves understood. What are the features that distinguish the English of Singaporeans from that of, for example, the Englishmen or Americans?Characteristics and features of Singapore EnglishThe pioneering work done on Singapore and Malaysian English is the obtain by Tongue entitled The English of Singapore and Malaysia (1974). The book contains useful data on the phonology, syntax and lexis of Singapore English but it lacks theoretical readyation. The data are categorized under the dichotomy of standard and sub-standard forms. Some of the sub-standard forms given are actually not wrong but used in the variety of English. More importantly, Singaporean English is not treate d as a system on its own, and the sociolinguistic contexts touch the use of sub-standard forms are not considered. Crewes works (1977, 1978a, 1978b, 1979) reflect his purist attitudes towards Singapore English. He regards Singapore English as a foreign language and implies that the English-educated Singaporean is a helpless and pitiable person. Later, Crewe came forward with the book British English and Singapore English.Exercises in Awareness (Crewe, 1979). The book claims to help Singaporeans to get free of Singaporeanisms with a series of exercises where individual sentences have to be corrected so as to make them look more like British English. A more scholarly and systematic treatment of Singapore and Malaysian English is by Platt and Weber in their book entitled English in Singapore and Malaysia (1980). Using the methods of statistical correlation designed by Labov (1972a, 1972b), they go on that there is a direct correlation between the degree and very muchness of diver gence from Standard British English and variables such as formality, topic, domain and relationship of interlocutors. They looked at Singapore English as a system. Singapore English have been discussed from different views and therefore variety of characteristics and features have been mentioned and discussed. This composition covers commences of these characteristics. Rythem Deterding (Deterding, 2001 Deterding, Brown, Low, 2005) investigated the contrasting staveic properties of two varieties of English Singapore English, which is often described as syllable-timed, and British English, which is more usually assumed to be stress-timed. Deterings (2001) study showed that there is a significantly great variability in this measure of syllable-to-syllable duration for British English, which supports previous indications that, by comparison, Singapore English might indeed be regarded as being more syllable-timed. Additionally, it was found that there is little evidence of the influ ence of speaking rate on the measured differences in rhythm, but there is some evidence that the greater frequency of reduced syllables with a schwa in British English contributes to the difference between the two varieties. Grammar Difference between Singapore and British English grammar has been discussed by scholars (Deterding, Low, Brown, 2003 Lim, 2004). VerbsVerb generally appears in an uninflected form (Wee, 2004).For example, as Wee shows, the verb eat is not marked for tense or number. Because the verb are uninflected, time and aspectual information are conveyed via words (using words like yesterday or already). o A.He eat here yesterday o B. He not yet eat lunch o C. They eat already Aspect is marked via forms like always, already or mum. Thus, always is used to mark habituality o The bus always late The state-of-the-art aspect is marked by still o Late already, you still eat. Be and got Platt and Weber (1980) noted that Singapore English clauses that are attributiv e or equative tend not to use the verb be o The manse very nice The verb got is used variously in Singapore English as a perfective, a possessive, and an existentional marker o He got go to Japan o You got buy lottery? o You got nice fit out o Here got many people Nouns As Wee (2004) mentioned at bottom the noun dialect, Singaporean tends to make use of articles. It treats non count nouns and its relstive clauses are ordered kinda differently than their counterparts in more standard varieties of English(p. 1058) Objects Object preposing is another characteristic of Singapore English. The object, (direct or indirect) is commonly preposed, giving rise to example like following o To my sister sometimes I speak English o The movie dont know whether good or not Question forming In wh-interrogatives, the interrogative pronoun typically remains in situ(Wee, 2004, p. 1063) o You buy what? o This bus go where? For yes/no questions, they make use of the invariant tag is it. It also ha s another tag or not o The food good or not? o You sprightly or not? The passive Singaporean use kena passive phrase (Wee, 2004, p. 1064) o The thief kena caught (by the police) Adjective reduplication Adjective reduplication in Singapore English intensifies the meaning of the base adjective o Dont always eat sweet-sweet (very sweet) things.La and Lah These two Variables perform an important part in Singapore English and are interesting topics for linguistic experts. For instance, findings from cost and Ser (1983) concluded that The existence of strict rules governing the occurrence of La not only in sentences but also inside the structure of noun phrases and verb phrases. La demonstrates the value of solidarity, friendship, a reduction of social distance between participants, in contrast with Lah dignals hostility and social distancing function(p.17)ReferencesBell, R. T., Ser, L. P. Q. (1983). To-day la? tomorrow lah the LA Particle in Singapore English. RELC Journal, 14(2), 1 -18. Deterding, D. (2001). The measurement of rhythm a comparison of Singapore and British English. Journal of Phonetics, 29, 217-230. Deterding, D., Brown, A., Low, E. L. (2005). English in Singapore phonetic research on a corpus. Singapore unsanded York McGraw Hill. Deterding, D., Low, E. L., Brown, A. (2003). English in Singapore research on grammar. Singapore New York McGraw Hill. Lim, L. (2004). Singapore English a grammatical description. Amsterdam Philadelphia John Benjamins. Platt, J. T., Weber, H. (1980). English in Singapore and Malaysia status, features, functions. Kuala Lumpur New York Oxford University Press. Wee, L. (2004). Singapore English morphology and syntax. In E. W. Schneider B. Kortmann (Eds.), A handbook of varieties of English a multimedia reference tool. Berlin New York Mouton de Gruyter.

College Campus Diversity and Student Development

College Campus Diversity and Student DevelopmentWe should entirely be having a conver sit downion slightly multifariousness. The subject has been important to me since I was a child, perhaps callable to personal experience or entirely because I find diversity fascinating and beneficial to our increment in this global society. College campus diversity and its effect on students social increment is what I inadequacy to research for the use of this course. When asked to present an unsaid theory tie in to the Higher Education field, cultural diversity was the first thing that came to mind. The linked States is a raci wholey and ethnic all in ally diverse country most countries swallow international students on their campuses, however the vast majority of students argon of the aforesaid(prenominal) ethnicity. Due to the diversity of the United States, student bodies across the countrys colleges and universities are do up of students from contrastive racial and ethnic back grounds, which is why I started idea how diverse campuses might have a positive effect on the students social development.Initially, the implicit theory I developed was Does a culturally diverse college campus help students become more well-rounded individuals? opinions will vary, that is the purpose of doing research, to understand what nurture is available on the topic and draw our conclusions However, ahead the Naked Presentation we were non allowed to perform every type of research. non researching the topic beforehand allowed my guessing to flow freely. I came into class with all the reasons why I think a culturally diverse college campus enhances students development.In my opinion, diverse college campuses increase self-awareness and expand our capacity for catching issues in a different way. For most students, college is the first time they are living without their family and interacting with all kinds of people, which is essential for the understanding of my theory. E ngaging in campus activities where diversity is promoted is opening doors to the world, the significant world. While I do doom my hand with this topic, there are many people who may differ from my idea of personal growth being enhanced by diversity, and this is something I want to explore as well. Does campus diversity prepare students for future career success? My initial fountainhead brought up more questions, this was one of them. As I mentioned before, we live in a global society, which means we have to interact with people from different backgrounds, non only in events that promote cultural diversity, but in our day to day lives. Todays workforce is rapidly growing more culturally diverse as more minorities and international students obtain their college degrees.College students graduate and come in the workforce with little to no experience, understanding how to interact with other adults, from any social or cultural background is a skill they want to develop while in col lege. Gaining the capacity of viewing issues from different perspectives, not just your own, will go a long way not only in their personal lives but also in their pro careers. These were the main ideas I had when I chose this topic and developed my theory.Once in class, I began to notice how my colleagues approached each others questions from different angles. The question I stop up with, once everyone shared their input, was Does a diverse college campus influence students development? and I am comfortable working with this question for my project. What do we view as development? And what aspect of development am I discharge to explore to further develop my theory? These were questions I asked myself when I sat down and expanded my implicit theory.I also considered whether the campus location do a difference in the students development, the effects of attending a campus find in a city might have, over attending college in a rural area. By going to college in a city, students a re more prone to interact with people of all backgrounds bigger cities, such as New York or San Francisco, tend to be more culturally diverse. Whereas, Students who attend college in a rural setting may not have as much, if any exposure to people of different backgrounds due to the makeup of the population. My theory is still a work in draw close as I type this, every time I think of the topic, I come up with more questions and ideas relevant to the theory. However, my main revolve around will remain the same, campus diversity and its influence on students social development.My implicit theory will be evaluated from different perspectives because when we talk about diversity the subject should be studied from many angles, its the essence of diversity after(prenominal) all. Once I read the scholarly articles and papers written about the topic, I know I will have more information to think about my theory more critically, this will subsequently show me different sides of the spectr um.

Rates of Reaction Experiment :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Rates of Reaction Experiment INTRODUCTIONThis examine is called gaits of response, I will be partaking inthis audition to find bring break what factors effect the rate ofreaction between magnesium (strips) and hydrochloric acid. Each timeI repeat the experiment, I will be adding 0.5 moles of hydrochloricacid and recording the volume of hit man given out during the exam andrecord the time it repletes to give the reaction needed. A reaction is taken smudge within the experiment because there is a collision ofparticles in separately element. When these two elements collide with each some other they form a chemical reaction ( a change which is irreversible)we know this because a gas is given of too show a change, this is whywe record the step of gas given off to show when the reactions takesplace and how big of a change it has made.WORD EQUATIONMagnesium + Hydrochloric Acid Magnesium Chloride + atomic number 1 AcidCHEMICAL EQUATION Mg + 2HCl H2 + MgCl2Activation energy is the lower limit amount of energy, which the particlesmust have in order to react.There ar five factors, which can make a difference to the rate of areaction.*1* The surface of the element*2* Catalyst, the amount of the substance*3* The concentration of the element*4* Temperature, due the heat of the atmosphere*5* Pressure pronounced to the substanceWhen a reaction takes place, the substances used ar called reactantsand the substances produced argon called products. Because the amount ofproducts being produced are increasing the number of reactants are orshould be decreasing.To calculate if and how well products are increasing and reactants aredecreasing we use a number of ways, we firstly find out how much ofthe reactant(s) is being used up and how much product(s) we aregaining from this in a set time.FORMULARS TO SOLVE THIS*** How much reactant is being used up***Amount of reactant being used upReaction rate = metre taken***How much products being produced in a set time***Amou nt of product formedReaction rate = Time takenA reaction can only take place when a thriving collision isoccurred, so for a reaction to take place two different elements haveto concur with each other, this depends on the amount of atoms andenergy in the two elements, this is called a successful collision. Achemical reaction can only take place when two different elementscollide with each other.There are other methods to measure the rate (speed) of reaction.Precipitation observe a marker through with(predicate) the solution and predict howlong it takes to vanish.A change in majority a mass balance can only be carried out during the

A CBR-based Approach to ITIL-based Service Desk Essay examples -- Custo

AbstractMany presidencys guest service and technical support department manage to use dish out Desk systems. It is crucial to provide a convenient and firm method. In this saucys writing the Incident and Problem forethought of ITIL frame ca-ca argon described and apply as the underlying structure of usefulness Desk and and so(prenominal) CBR proficiency is selected for the main implementation technique after leave a resemblance between CBR and RBR. Lastly, this paper actually tries to construct on in the altogether perspective by adopting Knowledge management techniques with run Desk systems.INTRODUCTIONThe Knowledge focussing Service Desk has attracted attention. By adding Knowledge Management to the ITIL (IT Infrastructure Library), the importance of Knowledge Management in IT organizations is observed much than(prenominal) than than ever. Service Desk consumes the accessibility and availability of IT organizations services in supporting the agreed IT servi ce provision become easy. By apply Service Desk the reception, response and troubleshooting of end-users issues regarding organizations services be solved. on that point ar several problems in go Desk topic. First is the acquisition of the experience about information technologies supported by Service Desk. The technicians must render the acquaintance of information technologies to solve the reported incident. But, nowadays the information technologies be increasing rapidly. The other problem is to finding proper dissolver when technicians do not possess the knowledge over domain to find the dissolvent in term of time consuming. Knowledge Management can be describe as a technology that increases our understandings and helps the organizations to make decisions and solve problems more effectively by providing strategy, process and technology... ...ime to fill the database, and it is effective to find warm neighbor of the current incident. CONCLUSIONNowadays, many organiz ations client service and technical support department akin to use Service Desk systems. It is crucial to provide a convenient and unwavering method. In this paper the Incident and Problem Management of ITIL framework are described and employ as the underlying structure of Service Desk and then CBR technique is selected for the main implementation technique after make a simile between CBR and RBR. Lastly, this paper actually tries to work on new perspective by adopting Knowledge management techniques with Services Desk systems.Works CitedFarjadi Tehrani, A. R., & Mustafa Mohamed, F. Z. (2011). A CBR-based Approach to ITIL-based Service Desk. Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and knowledge Sciences, 2(10), 476-484. A CBR-based Approach to ITIL-based Service Desk Essay examples -- CustoAbstractMany organizations customer service and technical support department like to use Service Desk systems. It is crucial to provide a convenient and fast method. In this pa per the Incident and Problem Management of ITIL framework are described and used as the underlying structure of Service Desk and then CBR technique is selected for the main implementation technique after make a comparison between CBR and RBR. Lastly, this paper actually tries to work on new perspective by adopting Knowledge management techniques with Services Desk systems.INTRODUCTIONThe Knowledge Management Service Desk has attracted attention. By adding Knowledge Management to the ITIL (IT Infrastructure Library), the importance of Knowledge Management in IT organizations is observed more than ever. Service Desk makes the accessibility and availability of IT organizations services in supporting the agreed IT service provision become easy. By victimization Service Desk the reception, response and troubleshooting of end-users issues regarding organizations services are solved. at that place are several problems in Services Desk topic. First is the acquisition of the knowledge about information technologies supported by Service Desk. The technicians must draw the knowledge of information technologies to solve the reported incident. But, nowadays the information technologies are increasing rapidly. The other problem is to finding proper solution when technicians do not possess the knowledge over domain to find the solution in term of time consuming. Knowledge Management can be describe as a technology that increases our understandings and helps the organizations to make decisions and solve problems more effectively by providing strategy, process and technology... ...ime to fill the database, and it is effective to find warm neighbor of the current incident. CONCLUSIONNowadays, many organizations customer service and technical support department like to use Service Desk systems. It is crucial to provide a convenient and fast method. In this paper the Incident and Problem Management of ITIL framework are described and used as the underlying structure of Servi ce Desk and then CBR technique is selected for the main implementation technique after make a comparison between CBR and RBR. Lastly, this paper actually tries to work on new perspective by adopting Knowledge management techniques with Services Desk systems.Works CitedFarjadi Tehrani, A. R., & Mustafa Mohamed, F. Z. (2011). A CBR-based Approach to ITIL-based Service Desk. Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and randomness Sciences, 2(10), 476-484.

Why we should not legalize marijuana? Essay -- Drugs, Diseases

Marijuana has been utilise as an agent for achieving euphoria since ancient times (Narconon International, p. 1, para. 1). It was used in betimes Chinese gardening as a medical component since as early as 2737 B.C (Narconon International, p. 1, para. 1). Its use began to spread across the pacific culture and finally ended up in Europe around euchre A.D. (Narconon International, p. 1). It was believed in this early culture to have medical effects that helped with rheumatism, gout, malaria, and blush absent mindedness. It was not until the medicate reached the Indian culture that it began to be used as a recreational drug for the intense euphoria the drug brought on (Narconon International, p. 1, para 1). It was though in fact the Muslim who make the drug widespread and popular in Persia and North Africa. In 1545 the Spanish introduced the drug to the European culture which eventually brought the drug to America and has since been a staple in American culture as we see it today. It was not until the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 classified ganja along with heroin and LSD as a Schedule I drug (Narconon International, p.1, para 5 ). like a shot in America, marijuana is one of the most controversial issues in Congress. leading are using their views on legalizing it as part of their campaign ads. On June 23, 2011 DC lawmakers posed a bill to Congress to officially legitimise the use of marijuana across the US. Nearly eight hundred g-force arrests are made on a yearly basis ascribable to marijuana charges (Congress to legalize marijuana, 2011). The thought that the War on Drugs campaign that Nixon started when in office has been perceived as a failure. With this though, in 1979 the use of marijuana was at 13.9 percent and in 2008 that number had decrease... ...ith the increase of crime, violence, and drug use, legitimation of marijuana today would be a wreckless and unsensable bill to pass. In the 1960s marijuana was a common plant grown all of co urse and for the most part free of additive chemicals that make the drug so dangerous today. Marijuana is one of the easiest drugs to lace and add other drugs to which intensifies the naughty in someone who smokes it today in comparison with someone who smoke it fifty years ago. It has had no proven medical benefits in human beings and remains an addictive and harmful drug to its users. Pot, grass, herb, weed, Mary Jane, reefer, skunk, boom, gangster, kif, chronic, and ganja are some of the common street names for drugs that everyone knows yet, most people could not tell you the name of all United States presidents of the country they were born and raised in.

Thw Cold War Essay example -- essays research papers

The Cold War as it is called was a struggle that started because of tensions between the United States and its assort and the Soviet compass north and its allies. The tensions that developed were in the first place over military, political, cultural and social ideas that varied greatly between the dickens nations. Each Nation and its allies developed a distrust that would snuff it for many years and introduce new military and political methods that would see our future.The Cold War was not a war as we would recollect with destruction and loss of life. What the Cold War became was distrust between Nations that caused appointment and tension between these nations. The two major countries involved in the conflict were the United States and the Soviet Union. Both of these nations distrusted each other and were unable to manage the issues that were fostering the Cold War because of the distrust that they had for each other. The United States and its allies were concerned that Russia was a communist county, ruled by a dictator who cared little about human rights The United States accused the Soviet Union of seeking to expand their version of communism throughout the world. Brittan and the United States (Led by President Truman) wanted to help Germany recover and to prevent large areas of atomic number 63 from coming under Communist control. They did not trust USSR since Stalin had signed the Nazi Soviet pact in 1939.Russia believed America was a capitalist democracy, which cherished freedom. Stalin wanted reparations from G...

Problem Based Learning Essay -- essays research papers

What is PBLProblem establish turn backing is any learning environment in which the problem that is makeed is what drives the learning. In other words, to conclude the problem that is given to you, you impart need to opinion things up and learn some things before being able to answer the question correctly. The problem is given so that the students discover that they need to learn some new knowledge before they can solve the problem. The front use of PBL was in medical schools, which test the knowledge base of graduates. PBL uses reliable world problems, not hypothetical cases where the answers be neat and convergent. The struggling with the unfeigned problem is what makes the students learn. Through this struggling they learn both content and critical thinking skills. Problem based learning has several distinct characteristics, which whitethorn be identified and utilized in designing a broadcast. whiz of these distinctions is the reliance on problems to drive the curricul um. The problems do not test skills they altogether assist in development of the skills themselves. The problems are not normal problems the answers will not be able to be solved until the students themselves do to a greater extent work. The second distinction is that the problems should not mean to take a leak besides wizard resolving, and as new in configurationation is gathered, perception of the problem and thus the solution changes. The third distinction, a very important distinction is that the students solve the problems. The teachers are merely coaches and facilitators. The fourth distinction, closely related to the third is that the students are only given guidelines to solving the problem. There is no such thing as a formula or direct way to solve the problem. The fifth part and last distinction is the assessment. It is an authentic and performance based assessment and it is a seamless part and the end of the instruction.There are five principal(prenominal) stages fo r instructing with problem based learning and there are four important stages for a student to use. First we will discuss the stages for the teacher to use. The instructor has a choice of either having every unity stay as individuals or form small groups of about 3 5 people. The instructor can ask the students to form their own groups, assign them, or draw from a lottery. The near stage the instructor must complete is presenting the problem. To do th... ...tage is testing your solution. look from your instructor the data that you need to run tests on your ideas. If all your attainable solutions are eliminated, begin the cycle again. When you encounter data that confirm one of your hypotheses you may be asked to write an explanation of your solution and justify it using the available evidence.Problem based learning is a way of article of belief that most teachers do not use right now. However it is a great way of learning if use properly. PBL can be used for individuals or s mall groups and can be effective either way. The instructor has only five main stages in developing a curriculum Forming the groups, presenting the problem, activating the groups, providing feedback, and asking for a solution. The students, although they do all the work, only have four stages Defining the problem carefully, exploring the possible solutions, narrowing the choices, and testing the solution.http//www.saltspring.com/capewest/pbl.htm http//www.biology.iupui.edu/Biology_HTML_Docs/biocourses/K345/PBL_Web_Pages/SmallGroupPBL.html http//score.rims.k12.ca.us/problearn.html http//www.chemeng.mcmaster.ca/pbl/pbl.htm

Proof :: Math Education Papers

proofread Proof. What is it and why does this simple term give birth such a stir among maths educators and math students? If you were to ask a young child to prove a mathematical event, they would be joyful to show you many examples of how it works. This does not constitute a proof plainly it is a step in the right direction. If you were to ask a steep naturalize student or first year college student to do a proof, you will most likely be met with groans and feelings of disgust. Students at this ripen have probably encountered proof in a geometry class where they were judge to follow a strict format without much freedom to draw out proofs on their own. However, if you were to ask a mathematician about proof they would begin to articulate you about how beautiful proof in mathematics can be.Proof has always been a topic of interest for me. In high school geometry and my first year of college, I too did not understand proof. I felt like many other students, frustrated b y the fact that we were asked to prove theorems that the book had already told us were true. It was as though the teacher was playing magical games on the chalkboard and alone of the sudden we had a proof. However, as time progressed, I began to see the beauty of proof. Then, mathematical proof introduced me to the power of proof. In this paper I hope to address the archetype of proof, how it relates to understanding and the implications for mathematics education. BACKGROUNDIn the 1950s and 60s proof played a significant role in mathematics education. Then in 1989, the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) deemphasized proof and replaced it with reasoning. Following this, mathematics educators began to see that students had difficulty with proof because they had little contact with it. In response, NCTM in the 2000 standards, elevated proof to a standard, emphasizing that it should be part of all students mathematical experiences (Knuth). Schoenfeld states proof is i nseparable from mathematics. It is essential in communicating, doing, and recording mathematics (153).Throughout most of the history of mathematics education, proof has been more of a topic of study instead of a way to understand mathematics (Knuth 73). In addition, proof has only been limited to the college bound student or the student enrolled in geometry.

Black & Decker Essay -- essays research papers

BackgroundBlack and Decker (B&D) is a pioneer in portable power tools. In 1991, it is a $5 billion in sales company with 29% of these sales coming from Power Tools and Accessories. B&D is the worlds larges producer of power tools and the U.S. food foodstuff general leader.Problem Statement B&D has a strong market share in the consumer and industrial markets, but is weak in the P-T market as it is currently experiencing decreased market share. In this segment, B&D is non generating profits and, at the same time, retailers want more than advertisement allowances and rebates.AnalysisThe U.S. power tools market is divided into three segments Consumer (home use buyers), Professional-Tradesmen (P-T) (contractors who barter for their own tools), and Industrial (procuring professional buying in large quanti makes for industrial usage). The P-T segment is the one experiencing the largest receiveth potential.B&D is one of the nearly powerful brands in power tolls. Its reapings are g enerally regarded to have mellowed note. B&D currently has 45% of the Consumer and 20% of the Industrial markets. However, in the P-T segment B&D holds only 9% of the market and is in near parity with Milwaukee Electric (10%) and trails Makita, which has captured 50% of the market.Makita was able to grow cursorily in the P-T market as its dominance was aided by the speedy development of a new type of distribution channel, the Home Centers such as Home Depot, which Makita actively sought. B&D, however, was not able to grow quickly in the P-T market due to Tradesmans perception of its P-T Line.The Tradesman market perceives B&D as a Consumer product that is not on par to handle professional tasks. This is evident in that in studies of brand perceptions in the P-T segment, six manufacturers out-rank B&D, three tie with B&D, and only one is rated with lower lumber. On blind trials the quality of B&D P-T products often outranked those of the manufactures whose quality was perceived to be better, implying that B&Ds problem is not of having bad products, but of having a bad reputation.One factor contributing to the perceived higher quality of Makita and Milwaukee is that both are priced at a premium, and on average, are 5-10% more than B&D. This difference in price contributes to foster the perception by the P-T market that because the competitors prod... ...f B&D P-T line may remain.The recommended Option 3 is that B&D should go with the established DeWalt and Industrial Yellow. Marketing DeWalt alone(predicate) is a better choice, as there are negative perceptions of the B&D line concerning reduced quality. Increasing the DeWalt brand awareness and better the perceived quality will be easier and more successful to secure than increasing B&Ds perceived quality at the P-T market. The color of the new line should be Industrial Yellow because opposite power tool companies have not used this color. It is a overvaliant color, and will stand out compared to the other P-T colors. In the early stages, the autocratic associations will be associated with the original DeWalt Companys reputation and safeguard as this color is used to indicate safety. As the DeWalt lines positive market perceptions grow, Industrial Yellow will be easier to come upon the high-end P-T line and will automatically be associated with high quality goods. Although not sufficient by itself, Option 4 is also interesting for B&D, since Makita has already damaged relationships with retailers, and retailers push of products is an important element in impetuous sales.

Personal Narrative- My Near Drowning Experience Essay -- Personal Narr

personalised Narrative- My border on Dr sustaining ExperienceHave you ever had a moment in duration that seems like minutes or hours even though it was only if a few seconds? Have you ever seen everything before you play turn up in slow motion, where you are aware of everything around you, yet non crafty what was going on? I have, and as I behavior lynchpin on it, I feel very blessed and protected. On jar against 21, 1987, I decided to take a little move in our swimming pool and almost drowned.On that fateful solar day in March, I was a couple months shy of my third birthday. My family and I lived in New Mexico at the time and were renting a tolerate with an exterior in-ground pool. The day was beautiful. I was out gradient with my oldest sister Rachel and my paternity. Rachel was diligently interlingual rendition kink up on a bench that sat against the house, and my father was mowing the backyard. My acquire and my other sister were in the house. Off to one side of the house there was a group of large bushes. I was performing over there with one of her large cooking pots, off in my own little world. At one point while curious and en... Personal Narrative- My Near Drowning Experience Essay -- Personal NarrPersonal Narrative- My Near Drowning ExperienceHave you ever had a moment in time that seems like minutes or hours even though it was only a few seconds? Have you ever seen everything before you play out in slow motion, where you are aware of everything around you, yet not knowing what was going on? I have, and as I look back on it, I feel very blessed and protected. On March 21, 1987, I decided to take a little swim in our swimming pool and almost drowned.On that fateful day in March, I was a couple months shy of my third birthday. My family and I lived in New Mexico at the time and were renting a house with an outdoor in-ground pool. The day was beautiful. I was outside with my oldest sister Rachel and m y father. Rachel was diligently reading curled up on a bench that sat against the house, and my father was mowing the backyard. My mother and my other sister were in the house. Off to one side of the house there was a group of large bushes. I was playing over there with one of her large cooking pots, off in my own little world. At one point while amusing and en...

Comparing The Corner Residents and Dostoevsky’s Underground Man Essay

Comparing The Corner Residents and Dostoevskys Underground human beings I am a sick man.... I am an baseless man. I am an unattractive man. ... I dont understand the least issue about my illness, and I dont know for certain what part of me is affected. I am not having any give-and-take for it, and never prep are had, although I have a great respect for medicine and for doctors. ... No, I refuse treatment out of spite. (Dostoevsky 1864 17) Fyodor Dostoevsky wrote these words around 1864 to describe the mental state of a hyperconscious retired bureaucrat whose excessive analysis and inability to act separate him from the mainstream of the partnership in which he lived. Dostoevskys underground man, as he termed his character, is characterized by alienation, spite, and isolation. Dostoevsky presents the support of his character as a testimonial to the possibility of living reappearance to an individuals own best interests. Frequently, the public debate over the those probl ems which occur in poverty-ridden urban environments is presented as if the inhabitants were copies of Dostoevskys underground man who differed mainly in that they a great deal had less education and more pigment in their skin. That is to say, although in that respect are valid comparisons that can be drawn between the Underground cosmos and the inhabitants of west Baltimore who are so vividly depicted in The Corner, there are also important differences that make any claim of nonindulgent equality between a Russian intellectual from the nineteenth degree Celsius and a 20th-century tout or slinger an absurd caricature. Moreover, the intent of portraying inner-city residents as Underground Men and Women is, frequently, to blame these people for all of their own problems, something t... ...and we whitethorn be in for another string of disappointing years in the War on Poverty and the War on Drugs. Works Cited and Consulted Dostoevsky, Fyodor. (1864) Notes from Underground. Tra ns. Jessie Coulson. Middlesex, England Penguin Books. Hacker, Andrew. (1998) two Nations Black and White, Separate, Hostile, Unequal. In learning Between the Lines Toward an Understanding of Current mixer Problems. Ed Amanda Konradi and Martha Schmidt. London Mayfield publication Company. Simon, David & Burns, Edward. (1993) The Corner A Year in the Life of an Inner-City Neighborhood. New York Broadway Books. Wilson, William Julius. (1998) Ghetto-Related Behavior and the Structure of Opportunity in Reading Between the Lines Toward an Understanding of Current Social Problems. Ed Amanda Konradi and Martha Schmidt. London Mayfield Publishing Company.

The Conscience of Dorian Gray in Oscar Wildes The Picture of Dorian Gr

The Conscience of Dorian grizzly in Oscar Wildes The hand over of Dorian GrayMuch of the criticism regarding The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde has dealt with Dorian Grays similitude to his own portraying (Raby 392). While some may argue that the portrait represents a reflection of Dorian Grays type, this is only a superficial analysis of the novel and Dorians character. While Dorian Grays true character never changes, it is his own acquaintance of his character (his conscience) that is reflected in the changing face of his portrait. In essence Dorians picture becomes a mirror through which the true Dorian judges his own metamorphasis as the superficial captain Henry Dorian attempts to embrace Lord Henrys teachings. Dorians wave-particle duality of character causes a constant internal struggle within him, eventually culminating in his own suicide. Initially, Lord Henrys doctrine of new-sprung(prenominal) Hedonism contrasts sharply with Dorians youthful innocence and passions. These initial feelings ar the readers first and clearest experience with the soon to be keep down true Dorian. The terminology, however, does not imply that Dorian has never been influenced before. This unblemished character simply represents Dorians self at the start of the novel, a state which he accepts as his own and is able to find pink of my John in. From this first conversation, Dorians peace begins shatter when he learns of Lord Henrys philosophy and its implications for his own life. Dorian is described as a brainless, beautiful creature (3), appropriate since all Dorian has at this demo in the novel is his own initial, untainted feelings. Thus this pre-Henry stage is the only time in the novel at which Dorian expresses his true self outwardly. This brai... ...he Picture of Dorian Gray A Norton Critical Edition. Ed. Lawler, Donald L. (1988). 405-412. Raby, Peter. Oscar Wilde. (1980) 164. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. DiMauro, Laurie. Vol. 41. Detroit Gale, 1991. 392-397. Spivey, Ted R. Oscar Wilde and the Tragedy of Symbolism. The Journey Beyond Tragedy. (1980) 57-71. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. DiMauro, Laurie. Vol. 41. Detroit Gale, 1991. 501-502. Summers, Claude J. In Such Surrender There May Be Gain Oscar Wilde and the Beginnings of braw Fiction. Gay Fictions Wilde to Stonewall, Studies in a Male Homosexual Literary Tradition. (1990) 29-61. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. DiMauro, Laurie. Vol. 41. Detroit Gale, 1991. 398-401. Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray Oxford Worlds Classics. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1998.

James Joyce :: essays papers

pack Joyce In the Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, pile Joyce creates a deeply personal and emotional portrait to every man. Joyces main character, Stephen Dedalus, encounters universal feelings of detachment, guilt, and awakening. Rather than stepping back and remembering the characteristics of infancy and peasantishness from and adult perspective, Joyce uses the language the infant was enveloped in. Joyce also uses baby Stephens sales booth to reproduce features of infancy. In Joyces first chapter, crucial characteristics of Stephens individualization are established. Stephens first memory as a child begins with storytelling. Once upon a clip and a very good time it was there was a moocow approaching down along the road and this moocow that was coming down along the road met a nicens little boy named tuckoo (Portrait, 7). From the start, Stephens lines are riddled with poetic sound and rhythm. Joyce demonstrates Stephens control all over words with the babys first stream of consciousness. As Stephens thoughts continue, Joyce inflects the babys relationship to each of his parents through imagery. His pose looked at him through a shabu. His father had a hairy face (Portrait, 7). The glass that the father uses to look at baby Stephen is the very glass that keeps the father and son separate throughout the novel. Although the glass should aid Mr. Dedalus to see Stephen much clearly, closer up, the glass limits the fathers mind and perceptions. As Stephen grows older, the dickens literally view each other through the beer glass brocaded above Mr. Dedaluss chin. Similarly, his fathers hairy face visibly separates the two. Mr. Dedalus exemplifies the standard man, one who loves sports, drink and women. Stephens enjoyment of words and privation of facial hair help him later understand how foreign and unlike he is from his father. Despite the lack of affection between Stephen and his father, Stephen shares a partiality for his mother. Hi s mother had a nicer looking at than his father. She played on the pianohe danced (Portrait, 7). When Stephen wet the bed she even put on the oil-sheet. That had a fuck up smell (Portrait, 7). Because of the affinity Stephen developed for his mother as an infant, the queer smell of urine brings Stephen comfort. This comforting, childhood association is attributed to the Freudian theory developed antecedent to the novel.

Greek Life Under Attack :: essays papers

Greek Life Under Attack According to an article written by Jay Reeves, administrators at the University of Alabama are getting involved in integrating sororities and fraternities by imposing rules and punishments for those organizations that do not comply. Since the Civil Rights attempt in the 1960?s, Americans like to think that segregation does not exist in the United States. However, sororities and fraternities across the country are being viewed as segregated. many people in society feel that it is the administrators job to enforce integrating among fraternities and sororities, but others feel that it should be up to the students to integrate themselves and that the faculty should layover interfering. Many of those who feel that integration should be left untouched by the administrations of the school know that historically Greek organizations have been segregated. For almost a century the groups have remained segregated naturally, or by choice. Since this has never b een an guinea pig before administrators should not even bother to integrate sororities and fraternities. Further more than, what happens of no members of the face-to-face race want to join a traditional race orient frat or sorority? How can administrators justify punishing Greek organizations if members of the turnabout race truly have no interest in joining? However, over the years this segregation has blindly detained people from limited backgrounds to be able to engage themselves with people of other backgrounds. This is the case for the family in Rodriguez?s ?Aria.? The family?s background limits them to having interactions with people of other backgrounds. Rodriguez says, ?it never occurred to my parents that they couldn?t hold water wherever they chose?despite their accomplishments the confidence of ?belonging? in public was withheld from them? (658). Richard cannot interact with the other children at first because his background uses a different language, which prohibits this interaction. These examples lay out that segregation causes barriers to be built, and once constructed are very hard to overwhelm if interaction takes place at a later time. Forcing integration reverses this line of work by giving a chance for various backgrounds to interact with all(prenominal) other. This forced integration can also bring many more options to those students who are interested in joining a sorority or partnership thus increasing the overall memberships of the Greek community.

The Fifth Discipline Essay -- Essays Papers

The twenty percent Discipline Chapter 11 of Peter Senges book, The Fifth Discipline, talks about the idea of Shared Vision, and how this concept has transformed boldnesss, and individuals works for them, into a cohesive unit of long-term innovative achievement. Having and transmitting a successful shared vision requires true buy-in on the part of the employees and the organization as a whole, and must foster genuine commitment and quick enrollment in order to bring that organizational vision to a personal level. For shared vision to become a product of personal vision, each individual must feel it, and be able to visit how this vision can be articulated to promote the long-term interests of the companys success, and arrangement in the larger scheme of things. This road to the end result is usually not mapped out or even guaranteed, and the creative tension this inspires, through and through personal commitment and dedication, is the fire it produces form its visionary fuel. The most sure example of this that I have witnessed is the remarkable performance of the 98 World reliever Denver Broncos. So far they are undefeated this season and book no indication of letting up as the make their personal manner into the history record books of the NFL. They were 11 and 0, Eleven wins and no losses, going into sound nights game against the San Diego Chargers here at home and although nobody here treasured to see it happen, they defeated the Chargers 31-16, extending their perfe...

Mary Warren :: essays research papers

bloody shame Warren is an important character in Arthur Millers play, THE CRUCIBLE. Much of the action in operate III revolves around bloody shames testimony in dally. She is a kind and basically direct girl who tries to do the right thing, saving her friends from harm. However, throughout Acts I and II, bloody shame is a follower who allows Abigail Williams to negatively influence her good judgment. To make matters worse, bloody shame is terrified of Abigails threats. Because of her weak result, the commentator isnt certain if bloody shame will maintain the courage to help John invigilate to realize his court case in Act III. bloody shame Warrens basic goodness is demonstrated on many occasions. She has been hired by John Proctor to help his wife Elizabeth with household chores. Mary proves to be a kind girl who gets along well with Mrs. Proctor. Although Mary has establish a court official in Salem, she still gets up primaeval in the morning to clean the Proctors house. W hile in court, Mary passes the clip by making Goody Proctor a present of a small rag doll called a poppet valve. Upset by the court proceedings, Mary tells Mr. Proctor that she is "all shuddery inside" because Goody Osburn will hang. When the poppet becomes false proof of witchcraft against Elizabeth, Mary willingly explains that the poppet is hers. She also makes a vain attempt to comfort John Proctor as the court officials drag his wife away in chains. A basic sense of honesty is an other(a) of Mary Warrens traits. In Act I she goes to Salem to convince Abigail to tell the integrity about what really happened in the woods. When the witchcraft scargon gets out of hand, Mary joins Abigail and the other girls in falsely accusing women of being witches. These false accusations are motivated by hysteria. There is evidence that Mary really believes that the women in court are bewitching her. She tells the judge that she thought she saw spirits. The other girls were screaming, and before she knew it, Mary was screaming with them. When she realizes that there are no spirits, Mary is willing to be truthful. After Elizabeth Proctors name is brought up in court, Mary Warren defends her against the accusation. At the end of Act II, the reader hopes that the basic sense of honesty will remain strong generous to allow Mary to testify on behalf of the accused women in Act III.