Psychology For Social Care Practice Essay Example for Free

Psychology For societal Care Practice EssayThis essay go forth demonstrate my understanding of developments which number at distributively stage of an individuals smell cycle. I allow for relate these developments to two relevant psychological theories and discuss how an individuals unavoidably must be met to enable them to develop. The human sustenance cycle endure be broken mound into 5 prefatory stages (Bingham et al. 2009)Infancy 0-2 yearsChildhood 2-12 yearsAdolescence 12-21 yearsAdulthood 21-65 years sr. Adulthood 65+ yearsDuring each stage of the vivificationtime cycle, different physical, emotional, cognitive, social and cultural developments occur In infancy, physical changes include learning to sit up, crawl and walk independently. At this stage, the infant get out begin to look for attention from other(a)s and seek affection and love. Infants are able to interact with others by make a face/laughing and crying, and begin to form attachments to mai n vex givers such as family members from around 6 months. handsome(a) motor skills and communication skills (understanding and formation of words) develop rapidly in infancy and individuals will be total use to the routines and norms of those around them. In childhood, physical development extends to skills in balance and control over the frame. Emotionally, the child will continue to strengthen bonds with primary maintenance givers and social development will continue on to interactional play and forming friendships. Language and chation develop further and the child shows a capacity to learn mod information and skills as well as learning nearly and conforming to social and cultural norms.The body begins to change significantly in adolescence the individual will go through puberty. An adolescent will be more egotism aware than in childhood and will become detached from primary care givers, instead preferring to form meanr relationships with friends and peers. The indi vidual will form stronger affiliations to certain cultural and sub-cultural norms and will express these through someoneal appearance, partaking in activities and choosing certain peer groups. In early adulthood, the individual will kitchen stove a peak of physical fitness which they will thereafter start to run away at to maintain. more than physical demands are made on the body such as childbearing, work and aging. Emotionally, a personin adulthood will pick out formal a role possibly in their manoeuver of work, or at home as a parent- how momentively they fill their role can effect self esteem. Social development can become limited to those with similar careers or interests and can be hindered by other responsibilities such as work and family commitments. Older adults may experience a slide down in physical fitness eyesight may deteriorate and the body may become weaker. close to individuals may remain fairly fit well into older adulthood and some may convey that phy sical fitness can deteriorate rapidly. Older adulthood can be isolating and ones self image can be altered through changing of roles eg. retirement. Socially, some find a reek of freedom in creation able to leave work behind and live, others lose a star of purpose and find that their world may become smaller and more family focused. Older adults will have a well established perception of themselves and what they find submitable as part of their culture. For this essay I have used Mrs. Oswald as a case study. Mrs. Oswald is a resident at Thorneycroft residential care home for older batch. She has been a resident at Thorneycroft for six months and at ninety-five years old, is in the final stage of development as tiny in the life cycle breakdown above. Mrs. Oswald is relatively able bodied, she is able to bathe herself but requires help getting in and out of the bath.She is able to move around independently, she does have a tripod to help her with this but she doesnt tend to use it. She is given to falling over and has fallen fifteen times since moving to Thorneycroft, this is non helped by her insomnia which leaves her restless at night so she ends up wandering around unattended. Mrs. Oswald is hard of hearing and requires a hearing aid but her eyesight is good when wearing her glasses. She has a good level of personal hygiene and takes pride in her appearance. in front coming to Thorneycroft she had home help who assisted her with household tasks such as cooking and housework and helped her with practice of medicine for her cellulitis. Mrs. Oswald was a midwife for fifty years, she is well educated and enjoys sharing her knowledge and talking more or less her career. She keeps her genius active by reading the newspaper, doing crossword puzzles and playing dominoes when she goes to the day centre but it is accomplishable that these activities are not stimulating enough for her. She is a little confused at times about her roles she behaves as though Thorneycroft staff are her employees and adopts a matron-like attitude with them, which probablycrosses over from her role in her career as a midwife.She can be forgetful but does not have dementedness and before moving to Thorneycroft was quite vulnerable as she sees the best in people and was being victimized by people doing odd jobs and coming in and out of her home. Mrs. Oswald appears to be content on the surface, she has started to accept death and talks about it openly. Her remaining family all live some distance away in England but she looks forward to a phonecall from her cousin each evening and seems to take comfort in linguistic communication to him, appearing more settled after their conversations. She has outlived her close family maintain and daughters and appears lonely. Mrs. Oswald doesnt talk much about her save an daughters the way she does about her career, it is possible that talking about them makes her feel sad. As before, Mrs. Oswald has not made friend s with other residents of Thorneycroft, though she has made a few friends at the daycentre. She likes to talk and could be encouraged to mix more which would help with her feelings of loneliness, she never had friends or visitors at home before she came to Thorneycroft as her family all live remote away and only visit to attend review meetings every six months.She has not formed close relationships with staff at Thorneycroft, instead, as mentioned before she treats them as her employees. Mrs. Oswald is an articulate and well spoken individual who has come from a middle class minimise. She appears to be well educated and has had a successful career as a midwife spanning fifty years. She had her daughters when she was modern and out of wedlock, as a result they were brought up by her mother and Mrs. Oswald left at sixteen to begin her training as a midwife. Her career was main(prenominal) to her and she concentrated on this, not having whatever more children and marrying late in life.Her middle class fosterage has followed her through life, and she still takes pride in her appearance and has a strong sense of what she believes to be proper. Her husband and her enjoyed going on cruises and she is well- travelled. She does not attend church services or appear to be spectral at all. In order for them to progress successfully through each stage in the life cycle, an individuals necessitate at each stage must be met. For example, our most basic physical bespeaks are shelter and nourishment, if these needs are not met in the infant stage, potential for development and forward motion into childhood will be threatened. For each aspect of development, certain needs must be met visible The body must be kept fit and healthy through nourishment, shelter from the elements and the cold, excercise and rest. Emotional The need to be loved and to feel love for others. Good self esteem can be established from feeling loved and wanted by others. Social Being able to interact and build relationships with people around you. Cognitive The need for opportunities to learn and develop knowledge and keep the mind active. Cultural Having your values, religion, diet, language etc.(norms) as part of your daily life. In order for me to understand the needs of Mrs. Oswald and to what extent her needs have been met throughout her life, I examined Erik Eriksons theory of eight psychosocial stages. Erikson believed that humans develop through eight predetermined stages (a detailed table of these can be found in appendix 1) and in order to progress successfully through life, we must successfully negotiate each stage and that failure to do so results in mental deficiencies such as lack of trust, which will remain with us throughout life (Collin et al., p. 273). for each one stage has one positive outcome and one negative outcome, and individuals progress through each life stage with a mixture of both, the differences between positive and negative being a resu lt of the surround the individual is developing in. Mrs. Oswald, as an adolescent, would have experienced role confusion. She was from a middle class background but fell pregnant at a young age, resulting in her being hidden away and her mother raising her children as her own. It would have gone against Mrs. Oswalds role as a respectable young girl to have children at such a young age. She went off to train as a midwife at sixteen and left her family and her daughters behind. She concentrated on her career and appeared not to have any intimacy throughout young adulthood. This was resolved in mature adulthood when Mrs. Oswald got married and enjoyed the intimacy which she had helpless out on in young adulthood. She never had any more children but her husband nd her appeared to have a happy life and they enjoyed travelling together. Mrs. Oswald is now in maturity and has begun to talk about death in an accepting way.Her needs may not have been met in the early stages of her life wher e she did not conform to her role in society and her life lacked intimacy, but later in life she had a successful and satisfying career and a happy marriage. I have used Abraham Maslows power structure of Needs (see appendix 2) to assess howMrs. Oswalds needs are being met now. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs starts at the basic physiological needs we need just to stay alive. Once these are made we have a need for natural rubber, then we want love and affection. Within our group we want to have self esteem. finally we have a need of satisfying our full potential that Maslow calls Self Actualization (Deeper Mind). Maslow believed that ones needs had to be met at each stage of the hierarchy before the needs at the next stage could be attended to. The first category in Maslows hierarchy refers to physiological needs. I believe that most of Mrs. Oswalds needs are being met at this level.She has plenty to eat and drink and since she is mobile she has some level of excercise. She can have fr esh air and she has warmth and shelter. However, Mrs. Oswalds need for quietus is not being met at Thorneycroft. She suffers from insomnia which is not helped by the fact that her bed is too small and therefore uncomfortable for her to calm in. This has resulted in her being backward to settle in bed at night at all, so she is losing out on sleep. As a result of all her physiological needs not being met, all of Mrs. Oswalds safety needs are not being met either. Although she has shelter and security at Thorneycroft, the fact that she does not sleep has compromised her safety as she has a tendency to wander around at night time and is prone to falling as her mobility is not great.Mrs. Oswald appears sad that she has outlived her close family and her husband and doesnt speak about them much. She does have some distant family whom she speaks with on the phone every night which brings her some comfort, but she remains distant with others and reluctant to form close relationships with staff or fellow residents. Her need for love and belonging has not been satisfied. In order for Mrs. Oswald to progress and reach self actualisation the care staff at Thorneycroft must work on the needs which are not being met. Getting her a bed which is comfortable for her to sleep in may help her to settle at night and reduce the risk of a fall. She could be encouraged to mix more with fellow residents and form closer relationships with them as well as staff. This will help with Mrs. Oswalds sense of love and belonging and boost her self-esteem which will help her to reach self actualisation.ReferencesBBC (2014) BBC News Magazine. Online Available from http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-23902918 Accessed 13/11/2014 BINGHAM, E. et al (2009) HNC Social Care for Scotland. 12th Ed. Essex Heinemann. COLLIN, C. et al (2012) The Psychology Book. London DK London. MACLEOD, S. (2011) Simply Psychology. Online Available form http//www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html Accessed 11/11/20 14. NORWOOD, G. (2014) Deeper Mind. Online Available from http//www.deepermind.com/20maslow.htm Accessed 11/11/2014